Notes

1. In Chinese martial arts, disciples were divided into inner and outer door. Outer door disciples were taught the foundations of the practice, but were not taught the more advanced techniques. Inner door disciples were invited into the master's home. From one or two of the best inner door disciples, the next lineage holders were chosen who would succeed the master.
2. Pa kua is an ancient Chinese martial art derived from a Taoist walking meditation.
3. Tai chi is another Chinese martial art. It can be practised with a tai chi sword, which is a straight sword about 1½ inches wide and three feet long from end to end.
4. Part of the teaching of Buddhism. It advocates right understanding, right thoughts, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration.
5. The teaching or practice of Buddhism.
6. Fu Hsiang is expounding the principle of substitutivity salva veritate; which states that a denoting expression D which occurs in a sentence S and which denotes an object E, can be replaced by any expression D' which denotes E without changing the truth or falsity of S. This principle is not universally true. An example from Bertrand Russell is "George IV wanted to know whether Scott was the author of Waverley". Though Scott is the author of Waverley it is not true that George IV wanted to know whether Scott was Scott. In his argument, Fu Hsiang is using the applicability of this principle as a criterion for sentences that attribute properties to objects.

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